Which nutrient supplement is recommended for women during pregnancy to decrease the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs)?

Folic Acid is recommended for women during pregnancy to decrease the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) because it plays a critical role in DNA synthesis and cell division, which are vital processes during fetal development. This B-vitamin helps ensure that the neural tube, which forms the baby’s spine and brain, develops properly.

Research has shown that adequate folic acid intake before conception and during early pregnancy significantly reduces the incidence of NTDs such as spina bifida and anencephaly. It is generally advised that women of childbearing age take a daily supplement of folic acid to support this critical time in development, as many pregnancies are unplanned and the early weeks are crucial for neural tube formation.

Other nutrients, while important for overall maternal and fetal health, do not have the same direct impact on reducing the risk of neural tube defects as folic acid does. Vitamin C supports immune function and tissue repair, Vitamin A is essential for vision and immune function, and Zinc plays a role in DNA synthesis and cell division, but none specifically target the prevention of NTDs in the way that folic acid does.